Yongming Liang

Can Blue UV-Bright Galaxies Drive Reionization at Cosmic Dawn? An $M_{UV} = - 19.6$ Galaxy with $f_{esc} \approx 0.85$ at $z = 9.244$

Yunjing Wu, Sijia Cai, Yongda Zhu +28

We revisit EBG-1, a gravitationally lensed galaxy at $z = 9.244$ , using newly obtained deep (14 hr) JWST/NIRSpec G235M ( $R \sim 1000$ ) spectroscopy. EBG-1 is one of the bluest gala…

PEGASUS (Pfs Emission-line GAlaxy SUrvey with Subaru): I. Three-dimensional large-scale structures at $z > 1$ probed with emission-line galaxies

Mariko Kubo, Tadayuki Kodama, Rhythm Shimakawa +16

To comprehensively understand the environmental effects on galaxy evolution, it is crucial to precisely map the distribution and thoroughly examine the properties of galaxies, incl…

Subaru meets JWST: A Direct Measurement of Ly $α$ Escape Fraction at $z ≃ 6.2$ with Dual Narrow-Band Imaging

Shunta Shimizu, Nobunari Kashikawa, Ryo Emori +15

We present a direct measurement of the Ly $α$ escape fraction, $f_{esc}^{Ly α}$ , for H $α$ emitters (HAEs) at $z ≃ 6.2$ in the JWST CEERS field by combining JWST/NIRCam F47…

astro-ph.IM2026

Prime Focus Spectrograph on the Subaru Telescope: Overview of Science Operations

Masayuki Tanaka, Akira Arai, Wanqiu He +30

The paper presents the science operation framework for Prime Focus Spectrograph (PFS or 'Onohi'ula in its Hawaiian name) installed at the 8.2m Subaru Telescope on the summit of Mau…

astro-ph.IM2026

A Python-Based Peeling Framework for Radio Interferometry: Application to uGMRT 650MHz Imaging

Hao Peng, Fangxia An, Yuheng Zhang +4

Modern radio interferometric arrays offer high sensitivity, wide fields of view, and broad frequency coverage, but also pose significant data calibration challenges. Standard direc…

astro-ph.IM2026★ 3 cited

Deeper detection limits in astronomical imaging using self-supervised spatiotemporal denoising

Yuduo Guo, Hao Zhang, Mingyu Li +10

The detection limit of astronomical imaging observations is limited by several noise sources. Some of that noise is correlated between neighbouring image pixels and exposures, so i…

Subaru High- $z$ Exploration of Low-Luminosity Quasars (SHELLQs). XXV. Large-scale environments of low-luminosity quasars at $z \sim 6$ traced by Ly $α$ emitters

Junya Arita, Nobunari Kashikawa, Yoshiki Matsuoka +18

High- $z$ quasars are believed to reside in massive dark matter haloes (DMHs), suggesting that they reside in galaxy overdense regions. However, previous observations have shown a r…

astro-ph.GA2025★ 1 cited

Little red dot variability over a century reveals black hole envelope via a giant Einstein cross

Zijian Zhang, Mingyu Li, Masamune Oguri +79

"Little red dots" (LRDs) represent a new population of astronomical objects uncovered by JWST whose nature remains debated. Although many LRDs are suspected as active galactic nucl…

astro-ph.CO2025

Cosmic Himalayas in CROCODILE : Probing the Extreme Quasar Overdensities by Count-in-Cells analysis and Nearest Neighbor Distribution

Yuto Kuwayama, Yongming Liang, Kentaro Nagamine +7

The recently reported Cosmic Himalayas (CH) -- an extreme quasar overdensity at z~2 -- poses an apparent challenge to the Lambda CDM framework, with a reported significance of 16.9…

astro-ph.GA2025

RIDEN pilot survey: broad-band selection of candidate quasars with extended Lyman- $α$ nebulae using CLAUDS-HSC-SSP-DUNES $^{2}$ joint data

Rhythm Shimakawa, Satoshi Kikuta, Haruka Kusakabe +5

The Vera C. Rubin Observatory will conduct the Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST), delivering deep, multi-band ( $ug r i z y$ ) imaging data across 18,000 square degrees over the nex…

Predicting Ly $α$ Emission from Distant Galaxies with Neural Network Architecture

Takehiro Yoshioka, Nobunari Kashikawa, Yoshihiro Takeda +7

The Ly $α$ emission line is a characteristic feature found in high- $z$ galaxies, serving as a probe of cosmic reionization. While previous works present various correlations between…

SILVERRUSH. XIV. Lya Luminosity Functions and Angular Correlation Functions from ~20,000 Lya Emitters at z~2.2-7.3 from upto 24 $deg^{2}$ HSC-SSP and CHORUS Surveys: Linking the Post-Reionization Epoch to the Heart of Reionization

Hiroya Umeda, Masami Ouchi, Satoshi Kikuta +11

We present the luminosity functions (LFs) and angular correlation functions (ACFs) derived from 18,960 Ly $α$ emitters (LAEs) at $z = 2.2 - 7.3$ over a wide survey area of $\lesssim24 {…

Mining for Protoclusters at $z \sim 4$ from Photometric Datasets with Deep Learning

Yoshihiro Takeda, Nobunari Kashikawa, Kei Ito +9

Protoclusters are high- $z$ overdense regions that will evolve into clusters of galaxies by $z = 0$ , making them ideal for studying galaxy evolution expected to be accelerated by envi…

The Physical Origin of Extreme Emission Line Galaxies at High redshifts: Strong {\sc [Oiii]} Emission Lines Produced by Obscured AGNs

Chenghao Zhu, Yuichi Harikane, Masami Ouchi +21

We present deep Subaru/FOCAS spectra for two extreme emission line galaxies (EELGs) at $z \sim 1$ with strong {\sc[Oiii]} $λ$ 5007 emission lines, exhibiting equivalent widths (EWs) o…

Ly $α$ imaging around the hyperluminous dust-obscured quasar W2246 $-$ 0526 at $z = 4.6$

Yibin Luo, Lulu Fan, Yongming Liang +10

Hot dust-obscured galaxies (Hot DOGs) are a population of hyperluminous, heavily obscured quasars discovered by the \emph{Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer} (\emph{WISE}) all-sky…

astro-ph.GA2024★ 1 cited

MAMMOTH-Subaru. II. Diverse Populations of Circumgalactic Ly $α$ Nebulae at Cosmic Noon

Mingyu Li, Haibin Zhang, Zheng Cai +23

Circumgalactic Lyman-alpha (Ly $α$ ) nebulae are gaseous halos around galaxies exhibiting luminous extended Ly $α$ emission. This work investigates Ly $α$ nebulae from deep imaging of…

Cosmic Himalayas: The Highest Quasar Density Peak Identified in a 10,000 deg $^{2}$ Sky with Spatial Discrepancies between Galaxies, Quasars, and IGM HI

Yongming Liang, Masami Ouchi, Dongsheng Sun +27

We report the identification of a quasar overdensity in the BOSSJ0210 field, dubbed Cosmic Himalayas, consisting of 11 quasars at $z = 2.16 - 2.20$ , the densest overdensity of quasars…

Subaru High- $z$ Exploration of Low-Luminosity Quasars (SHELLQs). XVIII. The Dark Matter Halo Mass of Quasars at $z \sim 6$

Junya Arita, Nobunari Kashikawa, Yoshiki Matsuoka +10

We present, for the first time, dark matter halo (DMH) mass measurement of quasars at $z \sim 6$ based on a clustering analysis of 107 quasars. Spectroscopically identified quasars a…

astro-ph.GA2023★ 52 cited

SILVERRUSH. XIII. A Catalog of 20,567 Ly $α$ Emitters at $z = 2 - 7$ Identified in the Full-depth Data of the Subaru/HSC-SSP and CHORUS Surveys

Satoshi Kikuta, Masami Ouchi, Takatoshi Shibuya +13

We present 20,567 Ly $α$ emitters (LAEs) at $z = 2.2 - 7.3$ that are photometrically identified by the SILVERRUSH program in a large survey area up to 25 deg $^{2}$ with deep images of fiv…

COSMOS2020: Discovery of a protocluster of massive quiescent galaxies at $z = 2.77$

Kei Ito, Masayuki Tanaka, Francesco Valentino +9

Protoclusters of galaxies have been found in the last quarter century. However, most of them have been found through the overdensity of star-forming galaxies, and there had been no…

MAMMOTH-Subaru V. Effects of Cosmic Variance on Ly $α$ Luminosity Functions at $z = 2.2 - 2.3$

Ke Ma, Haibin Zhang, Zheng Cai +8

Cosmic variance introduces significant uncertainties into galaxy number density properties when surveying the high-z Universe with a small volume, such uncertainties produce the fi…

astro-ph.GA2023★ 1 cited

MAMMOTH-Subaru III. Ly $α$ Halo Extended to $\sim 200$ kpc Identified by Stacking $\sim 3300$ Ly $α$ Emitters at $z = 2.2 - 2.3$

Haibin Zhang, Zheng Cai, Yongming Liang +8

In this paper, we present a Ly $α$ halo extended to $\sim 200$ kpc identified by stacking $\sim 3300$ Ly $α$ emitters at $z = 2.2 - 2.3$ . We carry out imaging observations and data reduct…