Constrained Portfolio Optimization via Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) with XY-Mixers and Trotterized Initialization: A Hybrid Approach for Direct Indexing

Javier Mancilla, Theodoros D. Bouloumis, Frederic Goguikian

Portfolio optimization under strict cardinality constraints is a combinatorial challenge that defies classical convex optimization techniques, particularly in the context of "Direc…