Hybrid Beamforming in Non-Terrestrial Networks: Architectures, Design Challenges, and Opportunities

Thuan Van Le, Nguyen Cong Luong, Huy T. Nguyen +6

Hybrid analog-digital beamforming (HBF) has emerged as a key enabling technology for non-terrestrial networks (NTNs), where large antenna arrays are required to compensate for seve…