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20202026
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cs.CL2026

iPOE: Interpretable Prompt Optimization via Explanations

Jiahui Li, Yarik Menchaca Resendiz, Sean Papay +1

Prompt optimization has often been framed as a discrete search problem to find high-performing and robust instructions for a large language model (LLM). However, the search result…

cs.CL2025

Are Humans as Brittle as Large Language Models?

Jiahui Li, Sean Papay, Roman Klinger

The output of large language models (LLMs) is unstable, due both to non-determinism of the decoding process as well as to prompt brittleness. While the intrinsic non-determinism of…

cs.CL2025

Efficient Language Modeling for Low-Resource Settings with Hybrid RNN-Transformer Architectures

Gabriel Lindenmaier, Sean Papay, Sebastian Padó

Transformer-based language models have recently been at the forefront of active research in text generation. However, these models' advances come at the price of prohibitive traini…

cs.CL2024

Which Demographics do LLMs Default to During Annotation?

Johannes Schäfer, Aidan Combs, Christopher Bagdon +9

Demographics and cultural background of annotators influence the labels they assign in text annotation -- for instance, an elderly woman might find it offensive to read a message a…

cs.CL2024

Actor Identification in Discourse: A Challenge for LLMs?

Ana Barić, Sean Papay, Sebastian Padó

The identification of political actors who put forward claims in public debate is a crucial step in the construction of discourse networks, which are helpful to analyze societal de…

cs.CL2020

Dissecting Span Identification Tasks with Performance Prediction

Sean Papay, Roman Klinger, Sebastian Padó

Span identification (in short, span ID) tasks such as chunking, NER, or code-switching detection, ask models to identify and classify relevant spans in a text. Despite being a stap…