Negative Control Outcome Adjustment in Early-Phase Randomized Trials: Estimating Vaccine Effects on Immune Responses in HIV Exposed Uninfected Infants

Ethan Ashby, Bo Zhang, Genevieve G Fouda +2

Adjustment for prognostic baseline variables can reduce bias due to covariate imbalance and increase efficiency in randomized trials. While the use of covariate adjustment in late-…