activity
20162026
most citedBeyond the Imitation Game: Quantifying and extrapolating the capabilities of language models

565 citations · 1.1k across the 53 of their papers we have counts for

collaborators

60 papers

cs.AI2026

Ownership in AI-Assisted Everyday Tasks

Megan Wei, Melanie Subbiah, Audrey Lee +4

When does work done with AI still feel like ours? As AI becomes woven into everyday tasks, we must examine what happens to our sense of ownership and contribution when a machine sh…

cs.CL2026

Slow to See, Slow to Suppress: Understanding the Effects of Modality in Context-Memory Conflicts

Athulith Paraselli, Etha Tianze Hua, Ellie Pavlick

We investigate how vision-language models (VLMs) handle context-memory conflicts; that is, situations in which the model is given information in context that differs from what was…

cs.AI2026

Linguistic Context Recodes Visual Representations in Vision-Language Models

Brian Song, Michael A. Lepori, Ellie Pavlick

Goal-directed visual processing is a hallmark of human visual intelligence, resulting in representations that support downstream tasks such as categorization or search. Though visi…

cs.AI2025

Whither symbols in the era of advanced neural networks?

Thomas L. Griffiths, Brenden M. Lake, R. Thomas McCoy +2

Some of the strongest evidence that human minds should be thought about in terms of symbolic systems has been the way they combine ideas, produce novelty, and learn quickly. We arg…

cs.CL2025

Transferring Linear Features Across Language Models With Model Stitching

Alan Chen, Jack Merullo, Alessandro Stolfo +1

In this work, we demonstrate that affine mappings between residual streams of language models is a cheap way to effectively transfer represented features between models. We apply t…

cs.CL2024

Are LLMs Models of Distributional Semantics? A Case Study on Quantifiers

Zhang Enyan, Zewei Wang, Michael A. Lepori +2

Distributional semantics is the linguistic theory that a word's meaning can be derived from its distribution in natural language (i.e., its use). Language models are commonly viewe…

cs.CL2024★ 1 cited

The Same But Different: Structural Similarities and Differences in Multilingual Language Modeling

Ruochen Zhang, Qinan Yu, Matianyu Zang +2

We employ new tools from mechanistic interpretability in order to ask whether the internal structure of large language models (LLMs) shows correspondence to the linguistic structur…

cs.CL2024★ 3 cited

$100K or 100 Days: Trade-offs when Pre-Training with Academic Resources

Apoorv Khandelwal, Tian Yun, Nihal V. Nayak +4

Pre-training is notoriously compute-intensive and academic researchers are notoriously under-resourced. It is, therefore, commonly assumed that academics can't pre-train models. In…

cs.CV2024

Beyond the Doors of Perception: Vision Transformers Represent Relations Between Objects

Michael A. Lepori, Alexa R. Tartaglini, Wai Keen Vong +3

Though vision transformers (ViTs) have achieved state-of-the-art performance in a variety of settings, they exhibit surprising failures when performing tasks involving visual relat…

cs.CL2024★ 1 cited

Talking Heads: Understanding Inter-layer Communication in Transformer Language Models

Jack Merullo, Carsten Eickhoff, Ellie Pavlick

Although it is known that transformer language models (LMs) pass features from early layers to later layers, it is not well understood how this information is represented and route…

cs.CL2024

Dual Process Learning: Controlling Use of In-Context vs. In-Weights Strategies with Weight Forgetting

Suraj Anand, Michael A. Lepori, Jack Merullo +1

Language models have the ability to perform in-context learning (ICL), allowing them to flexibly adapt their behavior based on context. This contrasts with in-weights learning (IWL…

cs.AI2024★ 1 cited

Transformer Mechanisms Mimic Frontostriatal Gating Operations When Trained on Human Working Memory Tasks

Aaron Traylor, Jack Merullo, Michael J. Frank +1

Models based on the Transformer neural network architecture have seen success on a wide variety of tasks that appear to require complex "cognitive branching" -- or the ability to m…

cs.CV2023

Analyzing Modular Approaches for Visual Question Decomposition

Apoorv Khandelwal, Ellie Pavlick, Chen Sun

Modular neural networks without additional training have recently been shown to surpass end-to-end neural networks on challenging vision-language tasks. The latest such methods sim…

cs.LG2023

Emergence of Abstract State Representations in Embodied Sequence Modeling

Tian Yun, Zilai Zeng, Kunal Handa +4

Decision making via sequence modeling aims to mimic the success of language models, where actions taken by an embodied agent are modeled as tokens to predict. Despite their promisi…

cs.CL2023★ 1 cited

Uncovering Intermediate Variables in Transformers using Circuit Probing

Michael A. Lepori, Thomas Serre, Ellie Pavlick

Neural network models have achieved high performance on a wide variety of complex tasks, but the algorithms that they implement are notoriously difficult to interpret. It is often…

cs.CL2023

Characterizing Mechanisms for Factual Recall in Language Models

Qinan Yu, Jack Merullo, Ellie Pavlick

Language Models (LMs) often must integrate facts they memorized in pretraining with new information that appears in a given context. These two sources can disagree, causing competi…

cs.LG2023★ 1 cited

Instilling Inductive Biases with Subnetworks

Enyan Zhang, Michael A. Lepori, Ellie Pavlick

Despite the recent success of artificial neural networks on a variety of tasks, we have little knowledge or control over the exact solutions these models implement. Instilling indu…

cs.CV2023★ 2 cited

Deep Neural Networks Can Learn Generalizable Same-Different Visual Relations

Alexa R. Tartaglini, Sheridan Feucht, Michael A. Lepori +4

Although deep neural networks can achieve human-level performance on many object recognition benchmarks, prior work suggests that these same models fail to learn simple abstract re…

cs.CL2023★ 3 cited

Circuit Component Reuse Across Tasks in Transformer Language Models

Jack Merullo, Carsten Eickhoff, Ellie Pavlick

Recent work in mechanistic interpretability has shown that behaviors in language models can be successfully reverse-engineered through circuit analysis. A common criticism, however…

cs.LG2023★ 1 cited

NeuroSurgeon: A Toolkit for Subnetwork Analysis

Michael A. Lepori, Ellie Pavlick, Thomas Serre

Despite recent advances in the field of explainability, much remains unknown about the algorithms that neural networks learn to represent. Recent work has attempted to understand t…

cs.CV2023★ 1 cited

Training Priors Predict Text-To-Image Model Performance

Charles Lovering, Ellie Pavlick

Text-to-image models can often generate some relations, i.e., "astronaut riding horse", but fail to generate other relations composed of the same basic parts, i.e., "horse riding a…

cs.CL2023★ 3 cited

Testing Causal Models of Word Meaning in GPT-3 and -4

Sam Musker, Ellie Pavlick

Large Language Models (LLMs) have driven extraordinary improvements in NLP. However, it is unclear how such models represent lexical concepts-i.e., the meanings of the words they u…

cs.CL2023★ 3 cited

Language Models Implement Simple Word2Vec-style Vector Arithmetic

Jack Merullo, Carsten Eickhoff, Ellie Pavlick

A primary criticism towards language models (LMs) is their inscrutability. This paper presents evidence that, despite their size and complexity, LMs sometimes exploit a simple vect…

cs.LG2023★ 7 cited

Simfluence: Modeling the Influence of Individual Training Examples by Simulating Training Runs

Kelvin Guu, Albert Webson, Ellie Pavlick +3

Training data attribution (TDA) methods offer to trace a model's prediction on any given example back to specific influential training examples. Existing approaches do so by assign…