activity
20182026
most citedBeyond the Imitation Game: Quantifying and extrapolating the capabilities of language models

565 citations · 818 across the 51 of their papers we have counts for

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Showing cs.CLShow all

53 papers · 1 filter

cs.CL2026

CT: Counterfactual Causal Reasoning for Sentiment Shifts in Social-Media Conversation Trees

S M Rafiuddin, Atriya Sen

Sentiment in social-media threads does not only vary across posts; it shifts as users react to claims, corrections, evidence, and hostility within a branching reply tree. We study…

cs.CL2026

Gender Bias in MT for a Genderless Language: New Benchmarks for Basque

Amaia Murillo, Olatz-Perez-de-Viñaspre, Naiara Perez

Large language models (LLMs) and machine translation (MT) systems are increasingly used in our daily lives, but their outputs can reproduce gender bias present in the training data…

cs.CL2025

From KMMLU-Redux to KMMLU-Pro: A Professional Korean Benchmark Suite for LLM Evaluation

Seokhee Hong, Sunkyoung Kim, Guijin Son +3

The development of Large Language Models (LLMs) requires robust benchmarks that encompass not only academic domains but also industrial fields to effectively evaluate their applica…

cs.CL2025

Balancing Knowledge Delivery and Emotional Comfort in Healthcare Conversational Systems

Shang-Chi Tsai, Yun-Nung Chen

With the advancement of large language models, many dialogue systems are now capable of providing reasonable and informative responses to patients' medical conditions. However, whe…

cs.CL2025

Dialect Normalization using Large Language Models and Morphological Rules

Antonios Dimakis, John Pavlopoulos, Antonios Anastasopoulos

Natural language understanding systems struggle with low-resource languages, including many dialects of high-resource ones. Dialect-to-standard normalization attempts to tackle thi…

cs.CL2025

Jailbreak Distillation: Renewable Safety Benchmarking

Jingyu Zhang, Ahmed Elgohary, Xiawei Wang +5

Large language models (LLMs) are rapidly deployed in critical applications, raising urgent needs for robust safety benchmarking. We propose Jailbreak Distillation (JBDistill), a no…

cs.CL2025

ZeroSumEval: An Extensible Framework For Scaling LLM Evaluation with Inter-Model Competition

Hisham A. Alyahya, Haidar Khan, Yazeed Alnumay +2

We introduce ZeroSumEval, a dynamic, competition-based, and evolving evaluation framework for Large Language Models (LLMs) that leverages competitive games. ZeroSumEval encompasses…

cs.CL2025

MultiLoKo: a multilingual local knowledge benchmark for LLMs spanning 31 languages

Dieuwke Hupkes, Nikolay Bogoychev

We present MultiLoKo, a new benchmark for evaluating multilinguality in LLMs covering 31 languages. MultiLoKo consists of three partitions: a main partition consisting of 500 quest…

cs.CL2025★ 2 cited

SEA-LION: Southeast Asian Languages in One Network

Raymond Ng, Thanh Ngan Nguyen, Yuli Huang +28

Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have dominated much of the artificial intelligence scene with their ability to process and generate natural languages. However, the majority…

cs.CL2025

Correlating and Predicting Human Evaluations of Language Models from Natural Language Processing Benchmarks

Rylan Schaeffer, Punit Singh Koura, Binh Tang +11

The explosion of high-performing conversational language models (LMs) has spurred a shift from classic natural language processing (NLP) benchmarks to expensive, time-consuming and…

cs.CL2025★ 1 cited

Multilingual Machine Translation with Open Large Language Models at Practical Scale: An Empirical Study

Menglong Cui, Pengzhi Gao, Wei Liu +2

Large language models (LLMs) have shown continuously improving multilingual capabilities, and even small-scale open-source models have demonstrated rapid performance enhancement. I…

cs.CL2025★ 4 cited

MLGym: A New Framework and Benchmark for Advancing AI Research Agents

Deepak Nathani, Lovish Madaan, Nicholas Roberts +14

We introduce Meta MLGym and MLGym-Bench, a new framework and benchmark for evaluating and developing LLM agents on AI research tasks. This is the first Gym environment for machine…

cs.CL2024

Lost in Inference: Rediscovering the Role of Natural Language Inference for Large Language Models

Lovish Madaan, David Esiobu, Pontus Stenetorp +2

In the recent past, a popular way of evaluating natural language understanding (NLU), was to consider a model's ability to perform natural language inference (NLI) tasks. In this p…

cs.CL2024★ 2 cited

Evaluation data contamination in LLMs: how do we measure it and (when) does it matter?

Aaditya K. Singh, Muhammed Yusuf Kocyigit, Andrew Poulton +4

Hampering the interpretation of benchmark scores, evaluation data contamination has become a growing concern in the evaluation of LLMs, and an active area of research studies its e…

cs.CL2024

LLäMmlein: Transparent, Compact and Competitive German-Only Language Models from Scratch

Jan Pfister, Julia Wunderle, Andreas Hotho

We create two German-only decoder models, LLäMmlein 120M and 1B, transparently from scratch and publish them, along with the training data, for the German NLP research community to…

cs.CL2024

Interpretability of Language Models via Task Spaces

Lucas Weber, Jaap Jumelet, Elia Bruni +1

The usual way to interpret language models (LMs) is to test their performance on different benchmarks and subsequently infer their internal processes. In this paper, we present an…

cs.CL2024★ 7 cited

Judging the Judges: Evaluating Alignment and Vulnerabilities in LLMs-as-Judges

Aman Singh Thakur, Kartik Choudhary, Venkat Srinik Ramayapally +2

Offering a promising solution to the scalability challenges associated with human evaluation, the LLM-as-a-judge paradigm is rapidly gaining traction as an approach to evaluating l…

cs.CL2024

From Form(s) to Meaning: Probing the Semantic Depths of Language Models Using Multisense Consistency

Xenia Ohmer, Elia Bruni, Dieuwke Hupkes

The staggering pace with which the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) are increasing, as measured by a range of commonly used natural language understanding (NLU) benchma…

cs.CL2023★ 1 cited

The ICL Consistency Test

Lucas Weber, Elia Bruni, Dieuwke Hupkes

Just like the previous generation of task-tuned models, large language models (LLMs) that are adapted to tasks via prompt-based methods like in-context-learning (ICL) perform well…

cs.CL2023★ 1 cited

WorldSense: A Synthetic Benchmark for Grounded Reasoning in Large Language Models

Youssef Benchekroun, Megi Dervishi, Mark Ibrahim +7

We propose WorldSense, a benchmark designed to assess the extent to which LLMs are consistently able to sustain tacit world models, by testing how they draw simple inferences from…

cs.CL2023

Memorisation Cartography: Mapping out the Memorisation-Generalisation Continuum in Neural Machine Translation

Verna Dankers, Ivan Titov, Dieuwke Hupkes

When training a neural network, it will quickly memorise some source-target mappings from your dataset but never learn some others. Yet, memorisation is not easily expressed as a b…

cs.CL2023

The Validity of Evaluation Results: Assessing Concurrence Across Compositionality Benchmarks

Kaiser Sun, Adina Williams, Dieuwke Hupkes

NLP models have progressed drastically in recent years, according to numerous datasets proposed to evaluate performance. Questions remain, however, about how particular dataset des…

cs.CL2023

Mind the instructions: a holistic evaluation of consistency and interactions in prompt-based learning

Lucas Weber, Elia Bruni, Dieuwke Hupkes

Finding the best way of adapting pre-trained language models to a task is a big challenge in current NLP. Just like the previous generation of task-tuned models (TT), models that a…

cs.CL2023★ 6 cited

Separating form and meaning: Using self-consistency to quantify task understanding across multiple senses

Xenia Ohmer, Elia Bruni, Dieuwke Hupkes

At the staggering pace with which the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) are increasing, creating future-proof evaluation sets to assess their understanding becomes more…