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A first look at the protoplanet WISPIT 2 b with VLTI/GRAVITY+
GRAVITY+ Collaboration, K. Abd El Dayem, R. Abuter +116
Confirmed observations of young protoplanets actively undergoing the process of formation have remained rare to date. In this Letter, we present new insights into the nature of the…
JWST-TST High Contrast: Living on the Wedge, or, NIRCam Bar Coronagraphy Reveals CO in the HR 8799 and 51 Eri Exoplanets' Atmospheres
William O. Balmer, Jens Kammerer, Laurent Pueyo +19
High-contrast observations with JWST can reveal key composition and vertical mixing dependent absorption features in the spectra of directly imaged planets across the 3-5 m wave…
MIRI MRS Observations of Beta Pictoris II. The Spectroscopic Case for a Recent Giant Collision
Christine H. Chen, Cicero X. Lu, Kadin Worthen +17
Modeling observations of the archetypal debris disk around Pic, obtained in 2023 January with the MIRI MRS on board JWST, reveals significant differences compared with that obt…
JWST-TST High Contrast: JWST/NIRCam observations of the young giant planet Pic b
Jens Kammerer, Kellen Lawson, Marshall D. Perrin +14
We present the first JWST/NIRCam observations of the directly-imaged gas giant exoplanet Pic b. Observations in six filters using NIRCam's round coronagraphic masks provide a h…
JWST/NIRCam Detection of the Fomalhaut C Debris Disk in Scattered Light
Kellen Lawson, Joshua E. Schlieder, Jarron M. Leisenring +20
Observations of debris disks offer important insights into the formation and evolution of planetary systems. Though M dwarfs make up approximately 80% of nearby stars, very few M-d…
The JWST Early Release Science Program for Direct Observations of Exoplanetary Systems V: Do Self-Consistent Atmospheric Models Represent JWST Spectra? A Showcase With VHS 1256 b
Simon Petrus, Niall Whiteford, Polychronis Patapis +119
The unprecedented medium-resolution (R~1500-3500) near- and mid-infrared (1-18um) spectrum provided by JWST for the young (140+/-20Myr) low-mass (12-20MJup) L-T transition (L7) com…
MIRI MRS Observations of Beta Pictoris I. The Inner Dust, the Planet, and the Gas
Kadin Worthen, Christine H. Chen, David R. Law +15
We present JWST MIRI Medium Resolution Spectrograph (MRS) observations of the Pictoris system. We detect an infrared excess from the central unresolved point source from 5 to 7…
Large Interferometer For Exoplanets (LIFE): XII. The Detectability of Capstone Biosignatures in the Mid-Infrared -- Sniffing Exoplanetary Laughing Gas and Methylated Halogens
Daniel Angerhausen, Daria Pidhorodetska, Michaela Leung +6
This study aims to identify exemplary science cases for observing NO, CHCl, and CHBr in exoplanet atmospheres at abundances consistent with biogenic production using a…
JWST-TST High Contrast: Asymmetries, dust populations and hints of a collision in the Pictoris disk with NIRCam and MIRI
Isabel Rebollido, Christopher C. Stark, Jens Kammerer +21
We present the first JWST MIRI and NIRCam observations of the prominent debris disk around Beta Pictoris. Coronagraphic observations in 8 filters spanning from 1.8 to 23~m provi…
First VLTI/GRAVITY Observations of HIP 65426 b: Evidence for a Low or Moderate Orbital Eccentricity
S. Blunt, W. O. Balmer, J. J. Wang +95
Giant exoplanets have been directly imaged over orders of magnitude of orbital separations, prompting theoretical and observational investigations of their formation pathways. In t…
The JWST Early Release Science Program for Direct Observations of Exoplanetary Systems IV: NIRISS Aperture Masking Interferometry Performance and Lessons Learned
Steph Sallum, Shrishmoy Ray, Jens Kammerer +120
We present a performance analysis for the aperture masking interferometry (AMI) mode on board the James Webb Space Telescope Near Infrared Imager and Slitless Spectrograph (JWST/NI…
JWST-TST High Contrast: Achieving direct spectroscopy of faint substellar companions next to bright stars with the NIRSpec IFU
Jean-Baptiste Ruffio, Marshall D. Perrin, Kielan K. W. Hoch +33
The JWST NIRSpec integral field unit (IFU) presents a unique opportunity to observe directly imaged exoplanets from 3-5 um at moderate spectral resolution (R~2,700) and thereby bet…
JWST-TST DREAMS: Quartz Clouds in the Atmosphere of WASP-17b
David Grant, Nikole K. Lewis, Hannah R. Wakeford +39
Clouds are prevalent in many of the exoplanet atmospheres that have been observed to date. For transiting exoplanets, we know if clouds are present because they mute spectral featu…
Mitigating Worst-Case Exozodiacal Dust Structure in High-contrast Images of Earth-like Exoplanets
Miles H. Currie, Christopher C. Stark, Jens Kammerer +2
Detecting Earth-like exoplanets in direct images of nearby Sun-like systems brings a unique set of challenges that must be addressed in the early phases of designing a space-based…
Large Interferometer For Exoplanets (LIFE). X. Detectability of currently known exoplanets and synergies with future IR/O/UV reflected-starlight imaging missions
Óscar Carrión-González, Jens Kammerer, Daniel Angerhausen +10
The next generation of space-based observatories will characterize the atmospheres of low-mass, temperate exoplanets with the direct-imaging technique. This will be a major step fo…
Large Interferometer For Exoplanets (LIFE): VIII. Where is the phosphine? Observing exoplanetary PH3 with a space based MIR nulling interferometer
D. Angerhausen, M. Ottiger, F. Dannert +9
Phosphine could be a key molecule in the understanding of exotic chemistry happening in (exo)planetary atmospheres. While it has been detected in the Solar System's giant planets,…
Large Interferometer For Exoplanets (LIFE): VI. Detecting rocky exoplanets in the habitable zones of Sun-like stars
Jens Kammerer, Sascha P. Quanz, Felix Dannert +1
While previous studies have shown a strong preference for a future mid-infrared nulling interferometer space mission to detect planets within the HZ around M dwarfs, we here focus…
Simulating reflected light coronagraphy of Earth-like exoplanets with a large IR/O/UV space telescope: impact and calibration of smooth exozodiacal dust
Jens Kammerer, Christopher C. Stark, Kevin J. Ludwick +2
Observing Earth-like exoplanets orbiting within the habitable zone of Sun-like stars and studying their atmospheres in reflected starlight requires contrasts of $\sim1\mathrm{e}{-1…
Performance of near-infrared high-contrast imaging methods with JWST from commissioning
Jens Kammerer, Julien Girard, Aarynn L. Carter +12
The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) will revolutionize the field of high-contrast imaging and enable both the direct detection of Saturn-mass planets and the characterization of…
The JWST Early Release Science Program for Direct Observations of Exoplanetary Systems II: A 1 to 20 Micron Spectrum of the Planetary-Mass Companion VHS 1256-1257 b
Brittany E. Miles, Beth A. Biller, Polychronis Patapis +101
We present the highest fidelity spectrum to date of a planetary-mass object. VHS 1256 b is a 20 M widely separated (8\arcsec, a = 150 au), young, planetary-…
The JWST Early Release Science Program for Direct Observations of Exoplanetary Systems I: High Contrast Imaging of the Exoplanet HIP 65426 b from 2-16 m
Aarynn L. Carter, Sasha Hinkley, Jens Kammerer +108
We present JWST Early Release Science (ERS) coronagraphic observations of the super-Jupiter exoplanet, HIP 65426 b, with the Near-Infrared Camera (NIRCam) from 2-5 m, and with t…
Direct discovery of the inner exoplanet in the HD206893 system. Evidence for deuterium burning in a planetary-mass companion
S. Hinkley, S. Lacour, G. -D. Marleau +110
Long term precise radial velocity (RV) monitoring of the nearby star HD206893, as well as anomalies in the system proper motion, have suggested the presence of an additional, inner…
The JWST Early Release Science Program for the Direct Imaging & Spectroscopy of Exoplanetary Systems
Sasha Hinkley, Aarynn L. Carter, Shrishmoy Ray +83
The direct characterization of exoplanetary systems with high contrast imaging is among the highest priorities for the broader exoplanet community. As large space missions will be…
Large Interferometer For Exoplanets (LIFE): II. Signal simulation, signal extraction and fundamental exoplanet parameters from single epoch observations
Felix Dannert, Maurice Ottiger, Sascha P. Quanz +13
The Large Interferometer For Exoplanets (LIFE) initiative is developing the science and a technology roadmap for an ambitious space mission featuring a space-based mid-infrared (MI…