Tunable negative refraction without absorption via electromagnetically induced chirality

Abstract

We show that negative refraction with minimal absorption can be obtained by means of quantum interference effects similar to electromagnetically induced transparency. Coupling a magnetic dipole transition coherently with an electric dipole transition leads to electromagnetically induced chirality, which can provide negative refraction without requiring negative permeability, and also suppresses absorption. This technique allows negative refraction in the optical regime at densities where the magnetic susceptibility is still small and with refraction/absorption ratios that are orders of magnitude larger than those achievable previously. Furthermore, the value of the refractive index can be fine-tuned via external laser fields, which is essential for practical realization of sub-diffraction-limit imaging.

4 pages, 5 figures (shortened version, submitted to PRL)

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• Limits and possibilities of refractive index in atomic systems
• Realizing negative index of refraction in an ensemble of ground-state polar molecules with lasers
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• Algebraic analysis of electromagnetic chirality-induced negative refractive index in a four-level atomic system
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• Monochromatic composite right/left handedness achieved in the quantized composite right/left handed transmission line