Quantum-noise--randomized data-encryption for WDM fiber-optic networks

Abstract

We demonstrate high-rate randomized data-encryption through optical fibers using the inherent quantum-measurement noise of coherent states of light. Specifically, we demonstrate 650Mbps data encryption through a 10Gbps data-bearing, in-line amplified 200km-long line. In our protocol, legitimate users (who share a short secret-key) communicate using an M-ry signal set while an attacker (who does not share the secret key) is forced to contend with the fundamental and irreducible quantum-measurement noise of coherent states. Implementations of our protocol using both polarization-encoded signal sets as well as polarization-insensitive phase-keyed signal sets are experimentally and theoretically evaluated. Different from the performance criteria for the cryptographic objective of key generation (quantum key-generation), one possible set of performance criteria for the cryptographic objective of data encryption is established and carefully considered.

Version 2: Some errors have been corrected and arguments refined. To appear in Physical Review A. Version 3: Minor corrections to version 2

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• Quantum Cryptography
• Quantum Cryptography with Entangled Photons
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• Secure communication using mesoscopic coherent states
• How much security does Y-00 protocol provide us ?
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• On the Security of Y-00 under Fast Correlation and Other Attacks on the Key
• Guessing probability under unlimited known-plaintext attack on secret keys for Y00 quantum stream cipher by quantum multiple hypotheses testing
• Multi-Photon Quantum Key Distribution Based on Double-Lock Encryption
• Exposed-key weakness of $\alpha \eta$