The effect of focusing on polarization qubits
arXiv:quant-ph/0403029 · doi:10.1080/09500340512331327570
Abstract
When a photon with well-defined polarization and momentum passes through a focusing device, these properties are no longer well defined. Their loss is captured by describing polarization by a 3x3 effective density matrix. Here we show that the effective density matrix corresponds to the actual photodetection model and we provide a simple formula to calculate it in terms of classical fields. Moreover, we explore several possible experimental consequences of the "longitudinal" term: limits on single-photon detection efficiency, polarization-dependent atomic transitions rates and the implications on quantum information processing.
7 pages, RevTeX4, 2 eps figure; published version
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