Secure communication with single-photon two-qubit states

Abstract

We propose a cryptographic scheme that is deterministic: Alice sends single photons to Bob, and each and every photon detected supplies one key bit -- no photon is wasted. This is in marked contrast to other schemes in which a random process decides whether the next photon sent will contribute to the key or not. The determinism is achieved by preparing the photons in two-qubit states, rather than the one-qubit states used in conventional schemes. In particular, we consider the realistic situation in which one qubit is the photon polarization, the other a spatial alternative. Further, we show how one can exploit the deterministic nature for direct secure communication, that is: without the need for establishing a shared key first.

9 pages, 1 figure, 3 tables; final version

References in corpus (2)

• Quantum Cryptography
• Universal unitary gate for single-photon 2-qubit states

Cited by in corpus (30)

• Symmetric multiparty-controlled teleportation of an arbitrary two-particle entanglement
• Multi-step quantum secure direct communication using multi-particle Green-Horne-Zeilinger state
• Quantum secure direct communication network with Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen pairs
• Single-photon two-qubit "entangled'' states: preparation and measurement
• A generalized architecture of quantum secure direct communication for N disjointed users with authentication
• All-Versus-Nothing Violation of Local Realism for Two Entangled Photons
• High error-rate quantum key distribution for long-distance communication
• Single-photon spin-orbit entanglement violating a Bell-like inequality
• Tomographic Quantum Cryptography
• Quantum Private Comparison: A Review
• The Road From Classical to Quantum Codes: A Hashing Bound Approaching Design Procedure
• Quantum Direct Communication with Continuous Variables
• Quantum Key Distribution and Communication using a Two-way Quantum Channel
• Cryptanalysis and improvement of the quantum private comparison protocol based on Bell entangled states
• Ascertaining the Values of ${\sigma }_x$, ${\sigma }_y$, and ${\sigma }_z$ of a Polarization Qubit
• Two Efficient Measurement Device Independent Quantum Dialogue Protocols
• Bell inequality violation by entangled single photon states generated from a laser, a LED or a Halogen lamp
• Deterministic and Efficient Quantum Cryptography Based on Bell's Theorem
• Quantum Key Distribution Highly Sensitive to Eavesdropping
• Entanglement of a Single Spin-1 Object: An Example of Ubiquitous Entanglement
• Deterministic secure quantum communication with and without entanglement
• Multipartite quantum cryptography based on the violation of Svetlichny's inequality
• Optical designs for realization of a set of schemes for quantum cryptography
• Quantum no-key protocols for secret transmission of quantum and classical message
• Quantum key distribution based on the quantum eraser
• Bidirectional Quantum Controlled Teleportation by Using Five-qubit Entangled State as a Quantum Channel
• Improved Eavesdropping Detection in Quantum Key Distribution
• Impact of imperfect measurements on multi-party quantum key distribution
• Cryptography based on operator theory (I): quantum no-key protocols
• A simple hidden variable experiment