Local filtering operations on two qubits

Abstract

We consider one single copy of a mixed state of two qubits and investigate how its entanglement changes under local quantum operations and classical communications (LQCC) of the type ${\rho }^{\prime }\sim (A\otimes B)\rho (A\otimes B{)}^{†}$. We consider a real matrix parameterization of the set of density matrices and show that these LQCC operations correspond to left and right multiplication by a Lorentz matrix, followed by normalization. A constructive way of bringing this matrix into a normal form is derived. This allows us to calculate explicitly the optimal local filterin operations for concentrating entanglement. Furthermore we give a complete characterization of the mixed states that can be purified arbitrary close to a Bell state. Finally we obtain a new way of calculating the entanglement of formation.

4 pages

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