Experimental Test of Complementarity by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Techniques

Abstract

We have tested complementarity for the ensemble-averaged spin states of nuclei ${}^{13}$C in the molecule of ${}^{13}$CHCl${}_3$ by the use of the spin states of another nuclei ${}^1$H as the path marker. It turns out that the wave-particle duality holds when one merely measures the probability density of quantum states, and that the wave- and particle-like behavior is simultaneously observed with the help of measuring populations and coherence in a single nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) experiment. Effects of path-marking schemes and causes of the appearance and disappearance of the wave behavior are analysed.