Triangle for the entropic index q of non-extensive statistical mechanics observed by Voyager 1 in the distant heliosphere

Abstract

Tsallis identified a set of numbers, the q-triplet, (qstat, qsen, qrel), for a system described by nonextensive statistical mechanics. The deviation of the q's from unity is a measure of the departure from thermodynamic equilibrium. We present observations of the q-triplets derived from two sets of daily averages of the magnetic field strength B observed by Voyager 1 in the solar wind near 40 A.U. during 1989 and near 85 A.U. during 2002, respectively. The results for 1989 do not differ significantly from those for 2002. We find qstat = 1.75, qsen = -0.6, and qrel = 3.8.

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