Phase transition in the collisionless regime for wave-particle interaction
arXiv:physics/0012053 · doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.84.3318
Abstract
Gibbs statistical mechanics is derived for the Hamiltonian system coupling self-consistently a wave to N particles. This identifies Landau damping with a regime where a second order phase transition occurs. For nonequilibrium initial data with warm particles, a critical initial wave intensity is found: above it, thermodynamics predicts a finite wave amplitude in the limit of infinite N; below it, the equilibrium amplitude vanishes. Simulations support these predictions providing new insight on the long-time nonlinear fate of the wave due to Landau damping in plasmas.
12 pages (RevTeX), 2 figures (PostScript)
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