Atomic Parity Non-Conservation, Neutron Radii, and Effective Field Theories of Nuclei

Abstract

Accurately calibrated effective field theories are used to compute atomic parity non-conserving (APNC) observables. Although accurately calibrated, these effective field theories predict a large spread in the neutron skin of heavy nuclei. While the neutron skin is strongly correlated to a large number of physical observables, in this contribution we focus on its impact on new physics through APNC observables. The addition of an isoscalar-isovector coupling constant to the effective Lagrangian generates a wide range of values for the neutron skin of heavy nuclei without compromising the success of the model in reproducing well constrained nuclear observables. Earlier studies have suggested that the use of isotopic ratios of APNC observables may eliminate their sensitivity to atomic structure. This leaves nuclear structure uncertainties as the main impediment for identifying physics beyond the standard model. We establish that uncertainties in the neutron skin of heavy nuclei are at present too large to measure isotopic ratios to better than the 0.1% accuracy required to test the standard model. However, we argue that such uncertainties will be significantly reduced by the upcoming measurement of the neutron radius in 208Pb at the Jefferson Laboratory.

24 pages, 6 figures, revtex4; one figure added

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• Origin of the neutron skin thickness of 208Pb in nuclear mean-field models
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• Analysis of bulk and surface contributions in the neutron skin of nuclei
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• Standard Model tests with trapped radioactive atoms
• Single-nucleon potential decomposition of the nuclear symmetry energy
• Constraining the density slope of nuclear symmetry energy at subsaturation densities using electric dipole polarizability in ${}^{208}$Pb
• Optimization of relativistic mean field model for finite nuclei to neutron star matter
• The nuclear symmetry energy and the breaking of the isospin symmetry: how do they reconcile with each other?
• Impact of spin-orbit currents on the electroweak skin of neutron-rich nuclei
• Symmetry Energy Constraints from Giant Resonances: A Theoretical Overview
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• Diversities in the properties of neutron stars at a fixed neutron-skin thickness in ${}^{208}$Pb nucleus
• Quantifying Correlations Between Isovector Observables and the Density Dependence of Nuclear Symmetry Energy away from Saturation Density
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• Symmetry energy at subsaturation densities and the neutron skin thickness of 208Pb
• Refined determination of the weak mixing angle at low energy
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• Neutron radii and neutron skin of neutron-rich nuclei deduced from proton-nucleus total reaction cross sections
• The pygmy dipole strength, the neutron radius of ${}^{208}$Pb and the symmetry energy