Evolution of Baryon-Free Matter Produced in Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions

Abstract

A 3-fluid hydrodynamic model is introduced for simulating heavy-ion collisions at incident energies between few and about 200 AGeV. In addition to the two baryon-rich fluids of 2-fluid models, the new model incorporates a third, baryon-free (i.e. with zero net baryonic charge) fluid which is created in the mid-rapidity region. Its evolution is delayed due to a formation time $\tau$, during which the baryon-free fluid neither thermalizes nor interacts with the baryon-rich fluids. After formation it thermalizes and starts to interact with the baryon-rich fluids. It is found that for $\tau$=0 the interaction strongly affects the baryon-free fluid. However, at reasonable finite formation time, $\tau$=1 fm/c, the effect of this interaction turns out to be substantially reduced although still noticeable. Baryonic observables are only slightly affected by the interaction with the baryon-free fluid.

arXiv comment17 pages, 3 figures, submitted to the issue of Phys. of Atomic Nuclei dedicated to S.T. Belyaev on the occasion of his 80th birthday, typos corrected

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• Continuous Decoupling of Dynamically Expanding Systems
• Transverse-Mass Spectra in Heavy-Ion Collisions at energies E_{lab} = 2--160 GeV/nucleon