Transition from BCS pairing to Bose-Einstein condensation in low-density asymmetric nuclear matter

Abstract

We study the isospin-singlet neutron-proton pairing in bulk nuclear matter as a function of density and isospin asymmetry within the BCS formalism. In the high-density, weak-coupling regime the neutron-proton paired state is strongly suppressed by a minor neutron excess. As the system is diluted, the BCS state with large, overlapping Cooper pairs evolves smoothly into a Bose-Einstein condensate of tightly bound neutron-proton pairs (deuterons). In the resulting low-density system a neutron excess is ineffective in quenching the pair correlations because of the large spatial separation of the deuterons and neutrons. As a result, the Bose-Einstein condensation of deuterons is weakly affected by an additional gas of free neutrons even at very large asymmetries.

17 pages, uncluding 7 figures, PRC in press

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• Superfluidity of spin-polarized 6Li
• The Superfluid State of Atomic Li6 in a Magnetic Trap
• Thermodynamics of $n$-$p$ condensate in asymmetric nuclear matter
• Superfluid nuclear matter calculations
• Dispersive effects in neutron matter superfluidity
• Nuclear Pairing in the T=0 channel revisited
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