Bispectral and $(\glN,\glM)$ Dualities

Abstract

Let $V = < p_{ij}(x)e^{\la_ix}, i=1,...,n, j=1, ..., N_i >$ be a space of quasi-polynomials of dimension $N=N_1+...+N_n$. Define the regularized fundamental operator of $V$ as the polynomial differential operator $D = \sum_{i=0}^N A_{N-i}(x)\p^i$ annihilating $V$ and such that its leading coefficient $A_0$ is a polynomial of the minimal possible degree. We construct a space of quasi-polynomials $U=<q_{ab}(u)e^{z_{a}u}>$ whose regularized fundamental operator is the differential operator ${\sum }_{i=0}^N{u}^i{A}_{N-i}({\partial }_u)$. The space $U$ is constructed from $V$ by a suitable integral transform. Our integral transform corresponds to the bispectral involution on the space of rational solutions (vanishing at infinity) to the KP hierarchy, see \cite{W}. As a corollary of the properties of the integral transform we obtain a correspondence between critical points of the two master functions associated with the $(\glN,\glM)$ dual Gaudin models as well as between the corresponding Bethe vectors.