Topological quantum numbers in the Hall effect

Abstract

Topological quantum numbers account for the precise quantization that occurs in the integer Hall effect. In this theory, Kubo's formula for the conductance acquires a topological interpretation in terms of Chern numbers and their non-commutative analog, the Fredholm Indices.

References in corpus (1)

• Revised ${\alpha }^4$ term of lepton $g-2$ from the Feynman diagrams containing an internal light-by-light scattering subdiagram