Knotlike Cosmic Strings in The Early Universe

Abstract

In this paper, the knotlike cosmic strings in the Riemann-Cartan space-time of the early universe are discussed. It has been revealed that the cosmic strings can just originate from the zero points of the complex scalar quintessence field. In these strings we mainly study the knotlike configurations. Based on the integral of Chern-Simons 3-form a topological invariant for knotlike cosmic strings is constructed, and it is shown that this invariant is just the total sum of all the self-linking and linking numbers of the knots family. Furthermore, it is also pointed out that this invariant is preserved in the branch processes during the evolution of cosmic strings.

References in corpus (7)

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• Measuring and Understanding the Universe
• Dual neutral variables and knot solitons in triplet superconductors
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Cited by in corpus (7)

• Topology of black hole thermodynamics in Lovelock gravity
• Cosmic strings in $f\left(R,L_m\right)$ gravity
• Topological invariants for superconducting cosmic strings
• Inner Structure of Spin^{c}(4) Gauge Potential on 4-Dimensional Manifolds
• Tackling tangledness of cosmic strings by knot polynomial topological invariants
• Knot polynomial invariants in classical Abelian Chern-Simons field theory
• Knots in $SU\left(M|N\right)$ Chern-Simons Field Theory