Knotlike Cosmic Strings in The Early Universe

Abstract

In this paper, the knotlike cosmic strings in the Riemann-Cartan space-time of the early universe are discussed. It has been revealed that the cosmic strings can just originate from the zero points of the complex scalar quintessence field. In these strings we mainly study the knotlike configurations. Based on the integral of Chern-Simons 3-form a topological invariant for knotlike cosmic strings is constructed, and it is shown that this invariant is just the total sum of all the self-linking and linking numbers of the knots family. Furthermore, it is also pointed out that this invariant is preserved in the branch processes during the evolution of cosmic strings.

References in corpus (24)

• Observational Evidence from Supernovae for an Accelerating Universe and a Cosmological Constant
• Measurements of Omega and Lambda from 42 High-Redshift Supernovae
• A Flat Universe from High-Resolution Maps of the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation
• MAXIMA-1: A Measurement of the Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropy on angular scales of 10 arcminutes to 5 degrees
• Knots and Particles
• Cosmic Concordance and Quintessence
• Partially Dual variables in SU(2) Yang-Mills Theory
• Hidden symmetry and knot solitons in a charged two-condensate Bose system
• Influence of a knot on the strength of a polymer strand
• Measuring and Understanding the Universe
• Dual neutral variables and knot solitons in triplet superconductors
• Aspects of Electric and Magnetic Variables in SU(2) Yang-Mills Theory
• Can the quintessence be a complex scalar field?
• Natural Quintessence?
• Evolution of the Chern-Simons Vortices
• Conformations of closed DNA
• Topological tensor current of $\tilde{p}$-branes in the $\varphi$-mapping theory
• Knots in interaction
• Stable Knotted Strings
• The branch process of the cosmic strings
• Gauge string in the fermion asymmetric matter
• Topological Defects in Cosmology
• The Dynamics of Knotted Strings Attached to D-Branes
• Gauge vortex dynamics at finite mass of bosonic fields

Cited by in corpus (7)

• Topology of black hole thermodynamics in Lovelock gravity
• Cosmic strings in $f\left(R,L_m\right)$ gravity
• Topological invariants for superconducting cosmic strings
• Inner Structure of Spin^{c}(4) Gauge Potential on 4-Dimensional Manifolds
• Tackling tangledness of cosmic strings by knot polynomial topological invariants
• Knot polynomial invariants in classical Abelian Chern-Simons field theory
• Knots in $SU\left(M|N\right)$ Chern-Simons Field Theory