(3+1)-spectrum of neutrino masses: A chance for LSND?

Abstract

If active to active neutrino transitions are dominant modes of the atmospheric (${\nu }_{\mu }\to {\nu }_{\tau }$) and the solar neutrino oscillations (${\nu }_e\to {\nu }_{\mu }/{\nu }_{\tau }$), as is indicated by recent data, the favoured scheme which accommodates the LSND result - the so called (2+2)-scheme - should be discarded. We introduce the parameters ${\eta }_s^{atm}$ and ${\eta }_s^{sun}$ which quantify an involvement of the sterile component in the solar and atmospheric neutrino oscillations. The (2+2)-scheme predicts ${\eta }_s^{atm}+{\eta }_s^{sun}=1$ and the experimental proof of deviation from this equality will discriminate the scheme. In this connection the (3+1)-scheme is revisited in which the fourth (predominantly sterile) neutrino is isolated from a block of three flavour neutrinos by the mass gap $\Delta m_{LSND}^2\sim (0.4-10)$ eV${}^2$. We find that in the (3+1)-scheme the LSND result can be reconciled with existing bounds on ${\nu }_e$- and ${\nu }_{\mu }$ - disappearance at 95-99 % C.L.. The generic prediction of the scheme is the ${\nu }_e$- and ${\nu }_{\mu }$ - disappearance probabilities at the level of present experimental bounds. The possibility to strengthen the bound on ${\nu }_{\mu }$- disappearance in the KEK - front detector experiment is studied. We consider phenomenology of the (3 + 1)-scheme, in particular, its implications for the atmospheric neutrinos, neutrinoless double beta decay searches, supernova neutrinos and primordial nucleosynthesis.

41 pages, Latex, uses epsfig. Corrected misprints

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