Phenomenology of Maximal and Near-Maximal Lepton Mixing

Abstract

We study the phenomenological consequences of maximal and near-maximal mixing of the electron neutrino with other ($x$=tau and/or muon) neutrinos. We describe the deviations from maximal mixing in terms of a parameter $\epsilon \equiv 1-2{\sin }^2{\theta }_{ex}$ and quantify the present experimental status for $|\epsilon |<0.3$. We find that the global analysis of solar neutrino data allows maximal mixing with confidence level better than 99% for $10^{-8}$ eV$^2\lsimΔm^2\lsim2\times10^{-7}$ eV${}^2$. In the mass ranges $Δm^2\gsim 1.5\times10^{-5}$ eV${}^2$ and $4\times 10^{-10}$ eV$^2\lsimΔm^2\lsim2\times10^{-7}$ eV${}^2$ the full interval $|\epsilon |<0.3$ is allowed within 4$\sigma$(99.995 % CL). We suggest ways to measure $\epsilon$ in future experiments. The observable that is most sensitive to $\epsilon$ is the rate [NC]/[CC] in combination with the Day-Night asymmetry in the SNO detector. With theoretical and statistical uncertainties, the expected accuracy after 5 years is $\Delta \epsilon \sim 0.07$. We also discuss the effects of maximal and near-maximal ${\nu }_e$-mixing in atmospheric neutrinos, supernova neutrinos, and neutrinoless double beta decay.

49 pages Latex file using RevTeX. 16 postscript figures included. ( Fig.2 and Fig.4 bitmapped for compression,better resolution at http://ific.uv.es/~pppac/). Improved presentation: some statements included and labels added in figures. Some misprint corrected. Final version to appear in Phys. Rev D. Report no: IFIC/00-40, IASSNS-HEP-00-51

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