Time-Domain Measurement of Broadband Coherent Cherenkov Radiation

Abstract

We report on further analysis of coherent microwave Cherenkov impulses emitted via the Askaryan mechanism from high-energy electromagnetic showers produced at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC). In this report, the time-domain based analysis of the measurements made with a broadband (nominally 1-18 GHz) log periodic dipole array antenna is described. The theory of a transmit-receive antenna system based on time-dependent effective height operator is summarized and applied to fully characterize the measurement antenna system and to reconstruct the electric field induced via the Askaryan process. The observed radiation intensity and phase as functions of frequency were found to agree with expectations from 0.75-11.5 GHz within experimental errors on the normalized electric field magnitude and the relative phase; 0.039 microV/MHz/TeV and 17 deg, respectively. This is the first time this agreement has been observed over such a broad bandwidth, and the first measurement of the relative phase variation of an Askaryan pulse. The importance of validation of the Askaryan mechanism is significant since it is viewed as the most promising way to detect cosmogenic neutrino fluxes at E > 10^15 eV.

arXiv comment10 pages, 9 figures, accepted by Phys. Rev. D

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• Experimental Limit on the Cosmic Diffuse Ultra-high Energy Neutrino Flux
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Cited by in corpus (20)

• The Antarctic Impulsive Transient Antenna Ultra-high Energy Neutrino Detector Design, Performance, and Sensitivity for 2006-2007 Balloon Flight
• Observations of the Askaryan Effect in Ice
• Cherenkov radio pulses from electromagnetic showers in the time-domain
• Practical and accurate calculations of Askaryan radiation
• Accelerator measurements of magnetically-induced radio emission from particle cascades with applications to cosmic-ray air showers
• UHE neutrino searches using a Lunar target: First Results from the RESUN search
• Coherent Cherenkov radio pulses from hadronic showers up to EeV energies
• The ultra-high-energy neutrino-nucleon cross section: measurement forecasts for an era of cosmic EeV-neutrino discovery
• Time Domain Response of the ARIANNA Detector
• Limit on UHE Neutrino Flux from the Parkes Lunar Radio Cherenkov Experiment
• The ExaVolt Antenna: A Large-Aperture, Balloon-embedded Antenna for Ultra-high Energy Particle Detection
• The sensitivity of past and near-future lunar radio experiments to ultra-high-energy cosmic rays and neutrinos
• Askaryan radiation from neutrino-induced showers in ice
• Calculations of electric fields for radio detection of Ultra-High Energy particles
• A lunar radio experiment with the Parkes radio telescope for the LUNASKA project
• Radio Detection of High Energy Neutrinos in Ice
• Near-future discovery of point sources of ultra-high-energy neutrinos
• Complex Analysis of Askaryan Radiation: A Fully Analytic Treatment including the LPM effect and Cascade Form Factor
• Complex Analysis of Askaryan Radiation: A Fully Analytic Model in the Time-Domain
• Complex Analysis of Askaryan Radiation: UHE-$\nu$ Identification and Reconstruction using the Hilbert Envelope of Observed Signals