A 3+1 Computational Scheme for Dynamic Spherically Symmetric Black Hole Spacetimes -- I: Initial Data

Abstract

When using the black hole exclusion (horizon boundary condition) technique, $K$ is usually nonzero and spatially variable, so none of the special cases of York's conformal-decomposition algorithm apply, and the full 4-vector nonlinear York equations must be solved numerically. We discuss the construction of dynamic black hole initial data slices using this technique: We perturb a known black hole slice via some Ansatz, apply the York decomposition (using another Ansatz for the inner boundary conditions) to project the perturbed field variables back into the constraint hypersurface, and finally optionally apply a numerical 3-coordinate transformation to (eg) restore an areal radial coordinate. In comparison to other initial data algorithms, the key advantage of this algorithm is its flexibility: $K$ is unrestricted, allowing the use of whatever slicing is most suitable for (say) a time evolution. We have implemented this algorithm for the spherically symmetric scalar field system. We present numerical results for a number of Eddington- Finkelstein--like initial data slices containing black holes surrounded by scalar field shells. Using 4th order finite differencing with resolutions of $\Delta r/r\approx 0.02$ (0.01) near the (Gaussian) perturbations, the numerically computed energy and momentum constraints for the final slices are $\ltsim 10^{-8}$ ($10^{-9}$) and $\ltsim 10^{-9}$ ($10^{-10}$) in magnitude. Finally, we briefly discuss the errors incurred when interpolating data from one grid to another, as in numerical coordinate transformation or horizon finding. We show that for the usual moving-local-interpolation schemes, even for smooth functions the interpolation error is not smooth.

[revised to correct error in integrated-scalar-field mass function defn, changed title and author address, assorted lesser changes] REVTeX, 45 pages, 25 figures + 1 rotated table, uses rotate.sty and natbib.sty (included), to appear in PRD15

References in corpus (2)

• Initial Data and Coordinates for Multiple Black Hole Systems
• Numerical Evolution of Black Holes with a Hyperbolic Formulation of General Relativity

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• Horizon growth of supermassive black hole seeds fed with collisional dark matter
• PBH mass growth through radial accretion during the radiation dominated era
• Black holes and the absorption rate of cosmological scalar fields
• A 3+1 Computational Scheme for Dynamic Spherically Symmetric Black Hole Spacetimes -- II: Time Evolution
• Event and Apparent Horizon Finders for 3+1 Numerical Relativity