Cosmology without Einstein's assumption that inertial mass produces gravity

Abstract

Giving up Einstein's assumption, implicit in his 1916 field equations, that inertial mass, even in its appearance as energy, is equivalent to active gravitational mass and therefore is a source of gravity allows revising the field equations to a form in which a positive cosmological constant is seen to (mis)represent a uniform negative net mass density of gravitationally attractive and gravitationally repulsive matter. Field equations with both positive and negative active gravitational mass densities of both primordial and continuously created matter incorporated, along with two scalar fields to `relax the constraints' on the space-time geometry, yield cosmological solutions that exhibit inflation, deceleration, coasting, acceleration, and a `big bounce' instead of a `big bang', and provide good fits to a Hubble diagram of type Ia supernovae data. The repulsive matter is identified as the back sides of the `drainholes' introduced by the author in 1973 as solutions of those same field equations. Drainholes (prototypical examples of `traversable wormholes') are topological tunnels in space which gravitationally attract on their front, entrance sides and repel more strongly on their back, exit sides. The front sides serve both as the gravitating cores of the visible, baryonic particles of primordial matter and as the continuously created, invisible particles of the `dark matter' needed to hold together the large scale structures seen in the universe; the back sides serve as the misnamed `dark energy' driving the current acceleration of the expansion of the universe. Formation of cosmic voids, walls, filaments, and nodes is attributed to expulsion of drainhole entrances from regions populated by drainhole exits, and accumulation of the entrances on boundaries separating those regions.

v4: Essential revision and major extension, new title; v5: introduction, two references, and table of contents added; v6: further discussion of issues, improved fitting of model to SNe Ia data marginally favors closed universe aged 12.52 Gyr; v7: 35 pages, improved clarity, new material and references; v8: much abbreviated version of v7, 26 pages, new title (see v7 for Hubble calculations)

References in corpus (18)

• Monitoring stellar orbits around the Massive Black Hole in the Galactic Center
• New Hubble Space Telescope Discoveries of Type Ia Supernovae at z > 1: Narrowing Constraints on the Early Behavior of Dark Energy
• A 3% Solution: Determination of the Hubble Constant with the Hubble Space Telescope and Wide Field Camera 3
• Foundations of Black Hole Accretion Disk Theory
• Gravitational Lensing by Wormholes
• Can we distinguish between black holes and wormholes by their Einstein-ring systems?
• Gravitational Microlensing by the Ellis Wormhole
• Upper Bound of 0.28 eV on the Neutrino Masses from the Largest Photometric Redshift Survey
• Deflection angle of light in an Ellis wormhole geometry
• The river model of black holes
• Gravitational lensing by wormholes
• Rotating Scalar Field Wormhole
• The Ellis wormhole with `tachyon matter'
• New Features of Extended Wormhole Solutions in the Scalar Field Gravity Theories
• Modeling Repulsive Gravity with Creation
• Einstein's Real "Biggest Blunder"
• Leptons might not generate gravity
• Quantum effects from a purely geometrical relativity theory

Cited by in corpus (5)

• On gravitational lensing by symmetric and asymmetric wormholes
• Einstein's Real "Biggest Blunder"
• Black holes inside cosmic voids
• Visible, invisible and trapped ghosts as sources of wormholes and black universes
• The radial metric function does not identify null surfaces