Horizons and Ergoregions in Superfluids

Abstract

Ripplons -- gravity-capillary waves on the free surface of a liquid or at the interfaces between two superfluids -- are the most favourable excitations for simulation of the general-relativistic effects related to horizons and ergoregions. The white-hole horizon for the ``relativistic'' ripplons at the surface of the shallow liquid is easily simulated using the kitchen-bath hydraulic jump. The same white-hole horizon is observed in quantum liquid -- superfluid 4He. The ergoregion for the ``non-relativistic'' ripplons is generated in the experiments with two sliding 3He superfluids. The common property experienced by all these ripplons is the Miles instability inside the ergoregion or horizon. Because of the universality of the Miles instability, one may expect that it could take place inside the horizon of the astrophysical black holes, if there is a preferred reference frame which comes from the trans-Planckian physics. If this is the case, the black hole would evapotate much faster than due to the Hawking radiation. Hawking radiation from the artificial black hole in terms of the quantum tunneling of phonons and ripplons is also discussed.

arXiv comment21 pages, 5 Figures, JLTP style, prepared for proceedings of the workshop "Universal features in turbulence: from quantum to cosmological scales", December 2005, Warwick, version submitted to JLTP, discussion on Hawking radiation extended, references added

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Cited by in corpus (18)

• Analogue Gravity
• Black Hole Thermodynamics and the Factor of 2 Problem
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• The imprint of the analogue Hawking effect in subcritical flows
• Standing and travelling waves in the shallow-water circular hydraulic jump
• Perturbations on steady spherical accretion in Schwarzschild geometry
• The Basics of Water Waves Theory for Analogue Gravity
• Hawking radiation of E<m massive particles in the tunneling formalism
• Implications of nonlinearity for spherically symmetric accretion
• Nonlinear variations in axisymmetric accretion
• Emergent physics on Mach's principle and the rotating vacuum
• Vortices without inflow: bound spectra in horizonless rotational analogs
• Blue Holes and Froude Horizons: Circular Shallow Water Profiles for Astrophysical Analogs
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• A new ripplon branch in He II
• Probing Penrose-type singularities in sonic black holes