Coherent transport and nonlocality in mesoscopic SNS junctions: anomalous magnetic interference patterns

Abstract

We show that in {\em ballistic} mesoscopic SNS junctions the period of critical current vs. magnetic flux dependence (magnetic interference pattern), $I_c(\Phi )$, changes {\em continuously and non-monotonically} from ${\Phi }_0$ to $2{\Phi }_0$ as the length-to-width ratio of the junction grows, or temperature drops. In {\em diffusive} mesoscopic junctions the change is even more drastic, with the first zero of $I_c(\Phi )$ appearing at $3{\Phi }_0$. The effect is a manifestation of nonlocal relation between the supercurrent density and superfluid velocity in the normal part of the system, with the characteristic scale ${\xi }_T=\hslash v_F/2\pi k_{B}T$ (ballistic limit) or ${\tilde{\xi }}_T=\sqrt{\hslash D/2\pi k_{B}T}$ (diffusive limit), the normal metal coherence length, and arises due to restriction of the quasiparticle phase space near the lateral boundaries of the junction. It explains the $2{\Phi }_0$-periodicity recently observed by Heida et al. (Phys. Rev. B {\bf 57}, R5618 (1998)). We obtained explicit analytical expressions for the magnetic interference pattern for a junction with an arbitrary length-to-width ratio. Experiments are proposed to directly observe the ${\Phi }_0\to 2{\Phi }_0$- and ${\Phi }_0\to 3{\Phi }_0$-transitions.

13 pages, 7 figures. New results on diffusive mesoscopic SNS junctions included. Typo in Eq.(27) corrected. Contribution to the special issue of Superlattices and Microstructures on mesoscopic superconductivity

References in corpus (1)

• Dissipative Electron Transport through Andreev Interferometers

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