Axial anomaly in 3He-A: Simulation of baryogenesis and generation of primordial magnetic field in Manchester and Helsinki
arXiv:cond-mat/9802091 · doi:10.1016/S0921-4526(98)00456-6
Abstract
The gapless fermionic excitations in superfluid 3He-A have a "relativistic" spectrum close to the gap nodes. They are the counterpart of the chiral particles (left-handed and right-handed) in high energy physics above the electroweak transition. We discuss the effective gravity and effective gauge fields, induced by these massless fermions in the low-energy corner. The interaction of the chiral fermions with the gauge field in 3He-A is discussed in detail. It gives rise to the effect of axial anomaly: conversion of the charge from the coherent motion of the condensate (vacuum) to the quasiparticles (matter). The charge of the quasiparticles is thus not conserved: In other words, matter can be created without creating antimatter. This effect is instrumental for the vortex dynamics, in which the vortex is the mediator of conversion of linear momentum from the condensate to the normal component via the spectral flow in the vortex core. The same effect leads to the instability of the counterflow in 3He-A, in which the flow of the normal component (incoherent degrees of freedom) is transformed to the order parameter texture (coherent degrees of freedom). We discuss the analogs of these phenomena in high energy physics. The conversion of the momentum from the vortex to the heat bath is equivalent to the nonconservation of baryon number in the presence of textures and cosmic strings. The counterflow instability is equivalent to the generation of the hypermagnetic field via the axial anomaly. We discuss also an analog of axions and different sources of the mass of the "hyperphoton" in 3He-A.
RevTex, 18 pages, 11 figures, prepared for Proceedings of Symposium on QUANTUM PHENOMENA at LOW TEMPERATURES, Lammi (Finland), 7-11 January, 1998; extended and corrected according to the referee reports, references are added
References in corpus (19)
- Potential Sensitivity of Gamma-Ray Burster Observations to Wave Dispersion in Vacuo
- QCD at Finite Baryon Density: Nucleon Droplets and Color Superconductivity
- Acoustic black holes: horizons, ergospheres, and Hawking radiation
- Primordial Magnetic Fields, Right Electrons, and the Abelian Anomaly
- Primordial Hypermagnetic Fields and Triangle Anomaly
- Magnetic Induction of d + i d Order in High-Tc Superconductors
- On edge states in superconductor with time inversion symmetry breaking
- Event horizons and ergoregions in 3He
- Critical Velocity of Vortex Nucleation in Rotating Superfluid 3He-A
- Rotating vortex core: An instrument for detecting the core excitations
- Light Propagation in Non-Trivial QED Vacua
- Gravity of Monopole and String and Gravitational Constant in 3He-A
- The Quantum Aspects of Relativistic Fermion Systems with Particle Condensation
- Simulation of Quantum Field Theory and Gravity in Superfluid He-3
- The Future of Particle Physics as a Natural Science
- Flow instability in 3He-A as analog of generation of hypermagnetic field in early Universe
- A Strategy for a Vanishing Cosmological Constant in the Presence of Scale Invariance Breaking
- Induced Gravity in Superfluid 3He
- Primordial Magnetic Fields that Last?
Cited by in corpus (14)
- Black hole and Hawking radiation by type-II Weyl fermions
- Lifshitz transitions, type-II Dirac and Weyl fermions, event horizon and all that
- Laminar and turbulent dynamos in chiral magnetohydrodynamics-I: Theory
- Critical Velocity in 3He-B Vibrating Wire Experiments as Analog of Vacuum Instability in a Slowly Oscillating Electric Field
- On thermal Nieh-Yan anomaly in Weyl superfluids
- Field theory in superfluid 3He: What are the lessons for particle physics, gravity and high-temperature superconductivity?
- General relativity effects in precision spin experimental tests of fundamental symmetries
- On induced CPT-odd Chern-Simons terms in 3+1 effective action
- Macroscopic parity violating effects and 3He-A
- Vortex Formation and Dynamics in Superfluid 3He and Analogies in Quantum Field Theory
- Electromagnetism as an emergent phenomenon: a step-by-step guide
- Supercurrent-induced Skyrmion dynamics and Tunable Weyl points in Chiral Magnet with Superconductivity
- On chiral magnetic effect in Weyl superfluid 3He-A
- Berry Curvature and Spin-One Color Superconductivity