Classical double-layer atoms: artificial molecules
arXiv:cond-mat/9709076 · doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.79.3990
Abstract
The groundstate configuration and the eigenmodes of two parallel two-dimensional classical atoms are obtained as function of the inter-atomic distance (d). The classical particles are confined by identical harmonic wells and repel each other through a Coulomb potential. As function of d we find several structural transitions which are of first or second order. For first (second) order transitions the first (second) derivative of the energy with respect to d is discontinuous, the radial position of the particles changes discontinuously (continuously) and the frequency of the eigenmodes exhibit a jump (one mode becomes soft, i.e. its frequency becomes zero).
4 pages, RevTex, 5 ps figures, to appear in Phys.Rev.Lett
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