Rapid Suppression of the Spin Gap in Zn-doped CuGeO_3 and SrCu_2O_3

Abstract

The influence of non-magnetic impurities on the spectrum and dynamical spin structure factor of a model for CuGeO${}_3$ is studied. A simple extension to Zn-doped $\mathrm{SrC}{\mathrm{u}}_2{\mathrm{O}}_3$ is also discussed. Using Exact Diagonalization techniques and intuitive arguments we show that Zn-doping introduces states in the Spin-Peierls gap of CuGeO${}_3$. This effect can beunderstood easily in the large dimerization limit where doping by Zn creates ``loose'' S=1/2 spins, which interact with each other through very weak effective antiferromagnetic couplings. When the dimerization is small, a similar effect is observed but now with the free S=1/2 spins being the resulting S=1/2 ground state of severed chains with an odd number of sites. Experimental consequences of these results are discussed. It is interesting to observe that the spin correlations along the chains are enhanced by Zn-doping according to the numerical data presented here. As recent numerical calculations have shown, similar arguments apply to ladders with non-magnetic impurities simply replacing the tendency to dimerization in CuGeO${}_3$ by the tendency to form spin-singlets along the rungs in SrCu${}_2$O${}_3$.

7 pages, 8 postscript figures, revtex, addition of figure 8 and a section with experimental predictions, submmited to Phys. Rev. B in May 1996