Molecular Dissociation in Hot, Dense Hydrogen

Abstract

We present a path-integral Monte Carlo study of dissociation in dense hydrogen ($1.75\le r_s\le 2.2$, with $r_s$ the Wigner sphere radius). As temperature is lowered from $10^5$ to 5000 K, a molecular hydrogen gas forms spontaneously from a neutral system of protons and electrons. At high density, $r_s<2.0$, thermally activated dissociation is accompanied by decreasing pressure, signaling the presence of a first order transition and critical point. The decrease in electron kinetic energy during dissociation is responsible for the pressure decrease and transition. At lower density the phase transition disappears.

5 pages, RevTeX + 4 figures, to appear in Physical Review Letters, online version available at http://www.tc.cornell.edu/~wmagro/

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