Hysteresis effects in rotating Bose-Einstein condensates

Abstract

We study the formation of vortices in a dilute Bose-Einstein condensate confined in a rotating anisotropic trap. We find that the number of vortices and angular momentum attained by the condensate depends upon the rotation history of the trap and on the number of vortices present in the condensate initially. A simplified model based on hydrodynamic equations is developed, and used to explain this effect in terms of a shift in the resonance frequency of the quadrupole mode of the condensate in the presence of a vortex lattice. Differences between the spin-up and spin-down response of the condensate are found, demonstrating hysteresis phenomena in this system.

16 pages, 7 figures; revised after referees' reports

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Cited by in corpus (9)

• Spontaneous rotating vortex lattices in a pumped decaying condensate
• Quantum turbulence and correlations in Bose-Einstein condensate collisions
• Gross-Pitaevskii model of pulsar glitches
• A finite element method with mesh adaptivity for computing vortex states in fast-rotating Bose-Einstein condensates
• Gravitational-wave bursts and stochastic background from superfluid vortex avalanches during pulsar glitches
• Rotation of an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate with and without a quantized vortex
• Interpreting superfluid spin up through the response of the container
• Stationary states, dynamical stability, and vorticity of Bose-Einstein condensates in tilted rotating harmonic traps
• Hysteresis effects in Bose-Einstein condensates