Microscopic statistical basis of classical Thermodynamics of finite systems

Abstract

Heat can flow from cold to hot at any phase separation. Therefore Lynden-Bell's gravo-thermal catastrophe must be reconsidered. The original objects of Thermodynamics, the separation of phases at first order phase transitions, like boiling water in steam engines, are not described by a single canonical ensemble. Inter-phase fluctuations are not covered. The basic principles of statistical mechanics, especially of phase transitions have to be reconsidered without the use of the thermodynamic limit. Then thermo-statistics applies also to nuclei and large astronomical systems. A lot of similarity exists between the accessible phase space of fragmenting nuclei and inhomogeneous multi stellar systems.

arXiv comment6 pages, no figures

References in corpus (4)

• The microcanonical thermodynamics of finite systems: The microscopic origin of condensation and phase separations; and the conditions for heat flow from lower to higher temperatures
• Bimodality as a signal of Liquid-Gas phase transition in nuclei?
• Classical Equilibrium Thermostatistics, "Sancta sanctorum of Statistical Mechanics", From Nuclei to Stars
• The microcanonical entropy is multiply differentiable. No dinosaurs in microcanonical gravitation: No special "microcanonical phase transitions"

Cited by in corpus (3)

• Negative heat-capacity at phase-separations in microcanonical thermostatistics of macroscopic systems with either short or long-range interactions
• Flaw of Jarzynski's equality when applied to systems with several degrees of freedom
• On the foundation of thermodynamics by microcanonical thermostatistics. The microscopic origin of condensation and phase separations