Real Space Imaging of One-Dimensional Standing Waves: Direct Evidence for a Luttinger Liquid

Abstract

Electronic standing waves with two different wavelengths were directly mapped near one end of a single-wall carbon nanotube as a function of the tip position and the sample bias voltage with highresolution position-resolved scanning tunneling spectroscopy. The observed two standing waves caused by separate spin and charge bosonic excitations are found to constitute direct evidence for a Luttinger liquid. The increased group velocity of the charge excitation, the power-law decay of their amplitudes away from the scattering boundary, and the suppression of the density of states near the Fermi level were also directly observed or calculated from the two different standing waves.

14 pages, 4 figures. The latest version in PDF format is available from http://fy.chalmers.se/~eggert/papers/nanoLL.pdf

References in corpus (7)

• Luttinger Liquid Behavior in Carbon Nanotubes
• Bosonization and Strongly Correlated Systems
• Coulomb Interactions and Mesoscopic Effects in Carbon Nanotubes
• Charge-Spin Separation and the Spectral Properties of Luttinger Liquids
• One-Dimensional Energy Dispersion of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes by Resonant Electron Scattering
• Scanning Tunneling Microscopy of a Luttinger Liquid
• Finite-size effects in tunneling between parallel quantum wires

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