Charge current in ferromagnet-superconductor junction with pairing state of broken time-reversal symmetry

Abstract

We calculate the tunneling conductance spectra of a ferromagnetic metal/insulator/superconductor using the Blonder-Tinkham-Klapwijk (BTK) formulation. Two possible states for the superconductor are considered with the time reversal symmetry ($\mathcal{T}$) broken, i.e., $d_{x^2-y^2}+is$, or $d_{x^2-y^2}+i{d}_{xy}$. In both cases the tunneling conductance within the gap is suppressed with the increase of the exchange interaction due to the suppression of the Andreev reflection. In the $(d_{x^2-y^2}+is)$-wave case the peaks that exist when the ferromagnet is a normal metal in the amplitude of the s-wave component due to the bound state formation are reduced symmetrically, with the increase of the exchange field, while in the $(d_{x^2-y^2}+i{d}_{xy})$-wave case the residual density of states within the gap develops a dip around E=0 with the increase of the exchange field. These results would be useful to discriminate between $\mathcal{T}$-broken pairing states near the surface in high-$T_c$ superconductors

17 pages with 11 figures

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