Intermediate liquid-solid regime near the quantum melting of a two dimensional Wigner molecule

Abstract

For intermediate values of the Coulomb energy to Fermi energy ratio $r_s$, the ground state of a few spinless fermions confined on a two dimensional torus is the quantum superposition of a floppy Wigner molecule with delocalized vacancies and of a Fermi liquid of intersticial particles. This raises the question of the existence of an unnoticed liquid-solid phase between the Fermi liquid and the Wigner crystal for fermionic systems in two dimensions.

minor corrections