Electron-positron outflow from black holes

Abstract

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) appear as the brightest transient phenomena in the Universe. The nature of the central engine in GRBs is a missing link in the theory of fireballs to their stellar mass progenitors. Here it is shown that rotating black holes produce electron-positron outflow when brought into contact with a strong magnetic field. The outflow is produced by a coupling of the spin of the black hole to the orbit of the particles. For a nearly extreme Kerr black hole, particle outflow from an initial state of electrostatic equilibrium has a normalized isotropic emission of $\sim 5\times 10^{48}(B/B_c{)}^2(M/7M_{\odot }{)}^2{\sin }^2\theta$ erg/s, where B is the external magnetic field strength, B_c=4.4 x 10^{13}G, and M is the mass of the black hole. This initial outflow has a half-opening angle $\theta \ge \sqrt{B_c/3B}$. A connection with fireballs in $\gamma$-ray bursts is given.

10 pages LaTex

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