Type Ia supernova counts at high z: signatures of cosmological models and progenitors

Abstract

Determination of the rates at which supernovae of Type Ia (SNe Ia) occur in the early Universe can give signatures of the time spent by the binary progenitor systems to reach explosion and of the geometry of the Universe. Observations made within the Supernova Cosmology Project are already providing the first numbers. Here it is shown that, for any assumed SNe Ia progenitor, SNe Ia counts up to $m_R\simeq 23-26$ are useful tests of the SNe Ia progenitor systems and cosmological tracers of a possible non-zero value of the cosmological constant, $\Lambda$. The SNe Ia counts at high redshifts compare differently with those at lower redshifts depending on the cosmological model. Flat ${\Omega }_{\Lambda }$--dominated universes would show a more significant increase of the SNe Ia counts at $z\sim 1$ than a flat, ${\Omega }_M=1$ universe. Here we consider three sorts of universes: a flat universe with $H_0=65km{s}^{-1}Mp{c}^{-1}$, ${\Omega }_M=1.0$, ${\Omega }_{\Lambda }=0.0$; an open universe with $H_0=65km{s}^{-1}Mp{c}^{-1}$, ${\Omega }_M=0.3$, ${\Omega }_{\Lambda }=0.0$; and a flat, $\Lambda$--dominated universe with $H_0=65km{s}^{-1}Mp{c}^{-1}$, ${\Omega }_M=0.3$, ${\Omega }_{\Lambda }=0.7$). On the other hand, the SNe Ia counts from one class of binary progenitors (double degenerate systems) should not increase steeply in the $z=0$ to $z=1$ range, contrary to what should be seen for other binary progenitors. A measurement of the SNe Ia counts up to $z\sim 1$ is within reach of ongoing SNe Ia searches at high redshifts.

16 pages, incl. 2 figures. To appear in ApJ (Letters)

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• Low-Metallicity Inhibition of Type Ia Supernovae and Galactic and Cosmic Chemical Evolution
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• The Hubble Deep Fields
• The Evolution of Compact Binary Star Systems
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• Metal Enrichment of the ICM: a 3-D Picture of Chemical and Dynamical Properties
• High Redshift Supernovae in the Hubble Deep Field
• Elemental Abundances in Milky Way-like Galaxies from a Hierarchical Galaxy Formation Model
• Supernovae in Deep Hubble Space Telescope Galaxy Cluster Fields: Cluster Rates and Field Counts
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• Gravitational Lensing of High Redshift Type Ia Supernova: A Probe of Medium Scale Structure
• The Hubble Space Telescope Cluster Supernova Survey: II. The Type Ia Supernova Rate in High-Redshift Galaxy Clusters
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