Cosmological Implications of Galaxy Cluster Evolution

Abstract

We analyze with hydrodynamical simulations the evolution of galaxy clusters in a cosmological environment. Power ratios (Buote \& Tsai 1995) are used to quantitatively relate cluster morphologies to their dynamical states. The simulated clusters follow the same ``evolutionary track'' obeyed by a sample of low-redshift $(z<0.2)$ ROSAT PSPC clusters (Buote \& Tsai 1996) indicating that the detailed evolution of individual simulated clusters is consistent with observed clusters. However, the distribution of simulated clusters (for $\Omega =1$ standard Cold Dark Matter) along the evolutionary track at the present epoch, which indicates a measure of the present balance of cluster formation and relaxation rates, suggests that there are too many simulated clusters with significant amounts of substructure to be consistent with the observations, thus favoring a lower value of $\Omega$. Perpendicular to the evolutionary track the distributions of observed and simulated clusters are consistent which may indicate a success of the cosmological model (e.g., power spectrum). Analysis of high-redshift simulated clusters suggests that the distribution of clusters both along and perpendicular to the evolutionary track is effectively constant from $z\sim 0.6$ to the present but changes significantly for $z>0.6$.

25 pages (AASTeX v3.0) with 13 figures, to appear in MNRAS; complete paper, with full resolution versions of figs 1-3, may be obtained at http://space.mit.edu/~dbuote/PAPERS/hydroprs.ps.gz; revised version omits section on the 0.5 Mpc aperture and includes some points of clarification in response to the referee's comments

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