Massive Tau Neutrino and SN 1987a

Abstract

The emission of $\MeV$-mass tau neutrinos from newly formed neutron stars is considered in a simple, but accurate, model based upon the diffusion approximation. The tau-neutrinosphere temperature is found to increase with mass so that emission of massive tau neutrinos is not suppressed by the Boltzmann factor previously used, $(\mnu /T_ν)^{1.5}\exp(-\mnu/T_ν)$, where $T_ν\sim 4\MeV -8\MeV$. If the tau neutrino decays to electron neutrinos, then for short lifetimes ($\taunu\la10^{-3}\sec$) the location of both the tau and electron neutrinospheres can be affected, and, for very short lifetimes ($τ_ν\la 10^{-6}\sec$) its temperature falls below $1\MeV$, in conflict with neutrino observations of Supernova 1987A (SN 87A). Using our results, we revise limits to the mass/lifetime of an $\MeV$-mass tau neutrino based upon SN 87A. Our constraints, together with bounds based upon primordial nucleosynthesis and the laboratory mass limit of around $30\MeV$, exclude the possibility of a tau neutrino more massive than $0.4\MeV$ if the dominant decay mode is radiative. Finally, we speculate on the possible role a $15\MeV -25\MeV$ tau neutrino might play in the supernova explosion itself.

14 LATEX pages, 11 Figures available on request, FNAL-Pub-94/001-A

References in corpus (4)

• Primordial Nucleosynthesis with a Decaying Tau Neutrino
• Closing the Windows on Mev Tau Neutrinos
• Bounding the Tau Neutrino Magnetic Moment from Single Photon Searches at LEP
• Effects of $e^{-}{e}^{+}{\nu }_e$ Decays of Tau Neutrinos Near A Supernova

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• Heavy sterile neutrinos and supernova explosions
• Structure Formation with Decaying Neutrinos
• A Supersymmetric Resolution of the KARMEN Anomaly
• Gamma Rays and the Decay of Neutrinos from SN1987A
• Nucleon Spin Fluctuations and Neutrino-Nucleon Energy Transfer in Supernovae
• Constraints on Massive Tau Neutrinos and their Cosmological Implications
• A "nu" look at gravitational waves: The black hole birth rate from neutrinos combined with the merger rate from LIGO