Particle acceleration at shock waves: particle spectrum as a function of the equation of state of the shocked plasma

Abstract

We determine the spectrum of particles accelerated at shocks with arbitrary speed and arbitrary scattering properties for different choices of the equation of state of the downstream plasma. More specifically we consider the effect of energy exchange between the electron and proton thermal components downstream, and the effect of generation of a turbulent magnetic field in the downstream plasma. The slope of the spectrum turns out to be appreciably affected by all these phenomena, especially in the Newtonian and trans-relativistic regime, while in the ultra-relativistic limit the universal spectrum $s\approx 4.3$ seems to be a very solid prediction.

21 pages, 8 figs

References in corpus (24)

• Particle acceleration by ultra-relativistic shocks: theory and simulations
• Particle acceleration at ultrarelativistic shocks: an eigenfunction method
• Energy spectra of cosmic rays accelerated at ultrarelativistic shock waves
• On the role of injection in kinetic approaches to nonlinear particle acceleration at non-relativistic shock waves
• Ultra-high-energy cosmic ray acceleration by relativistic blast waves
• Non linear particle acceleration at non-relativistic shock waves in the presence of self-generated turbulence
• Acceleration Rates and Injection Efficiencies in Oblique Shocks
• A semi-analytical approach to non-linear shock acceleration
• Particle acceleration and relativistic shocks
• Analytic solution for nonlinear shock acceleration in the Bohm limit
• A general solution to non-linear particle acceleration at non-relativistic shock waves
• Particle transport in tangled magnetic fields and Fermi acceleration at relativistic shocks
• Non-linear Particle Acceleration in Oblique Shocks
• Numerical Studies of Cosmic Ray Injection and Acceleration
• Non-linear shock acceleration in the presence of seed particles
• Efficiency of Nonlinear Particle Acceleration at Cosmic Structure Shocks
• Cosmic Ray Acceleration at Relativistic Shock Waves with a "Realistic" Magnetic Field Structure
• Nonlinear Particle Acceleration in Relativistic Shocks
• Critical self-organization of astrophysical shocks
• Relativistic Fermi acceleration with shock compressed turbulence
• On particle acceleration around shocks. I
• Diffusive Shock Acceleration in Oblique MHD Shocks: Comparison with Monte Carlo Methods and Observations
• On particle acceleration around shocks II: a fully general method for arbitrary shock velocities and scattering media
• Particle acceleration at shock waves moving at arbitrary speed: the case of large scale magnetic field and anisotropic scattering

Cited by in corpus (5)

• Supernova remnants: the X-ray perspective
• A dip in the UHECR spectrum and the transition from galactic to extragalactic cosmic rays
• Interpretation and implication of the non-detection of GeV spectrum excess by Fermi gamma-ray Space Telescope in most GRBs
• Can we probe the Lorentz factor of gamma-ray bursts from GeV-TeV spectra integrated over internal shocks?
• Knot in Cen A: Stochastic Magnetic Field for Diffusive Synchrotron Radiation?