Tuning Gravitationally Lensed Standard Sirens

Abstract

Gravitational waves emitted by chirping supermassive black hole binaries could in principle be used to obtain very accurate distance determinations. Provided they have an electromagnetic counterpart from which the redshift can be determined, these standard sirens could be used to build a high redshift Hubble diagram. Errors in the distance measurements will most likely be dominated by gravitational lensing. We show that the (de)magnification due to inhomogeneous foreground matter will increase the scatter in the measured distances by a factor ~10. We propose to use optical and IR data of the foreground galaxies to minimize the degradation from weak lensing. We find that the net effect of correcting the estimated distances for lensing is comparable to increasing the sample size by a factor of three when using the data to constrain cosmological parameters.

21 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ

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• The Gravitational-Wave Physics
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• Inhomogeneity effects in Cosmology
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• Delensing Gravitational Wave Standard Sirens with Shear and Flexion Maps
• Cosmological perturbation effects on gravitational-wave luminosity distance estimates
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• The Final Merger of Black-Hole Binaries
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