Toward a Clean Sample of Ultra-Luminous X-ray Sources

Abstract

CONTEXT. Observational follow-up programmes for the characterization of ultra-luminous X-ray sources (ULXs) require the construction of clean samples of such sources in which the contamination by foreground/background sources is minimum. AIMS. In this article we calculate the degree of foreground/background contaminants among the ULX sample candidates in the Colbert & Ptak (2002) catalogue and compare these computations with available spectroscopical identifications. METHODS. We use statistics based on known densities of X-ray sources and AGN/QSOs selected in the optical. The analysis is done individually for each parent galaxy. The existing identifications of the optical counterparts are compiled from the literature. RESULTS. More than a half of the ULXs, within twice the distance of the major axis of the 25 mag/arcsec${}^2$ isophote from RC3 nearby galaxies and with X-ray luminosities $L_X$[2-10 keV] $\ge 10^{39}$ erg/s, are expected to be high redshift background QSOs. A list of 25 objects (clean sample) confirmed to be real ULXs or to have a low probability of being contaminant foreground/background objects is provided.

arXiv comment9 pages, accepted in A&A

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