CDM Substructure in Gravitational Lenses: Tests and Results

Abstract

We use a simple statistical test to show that the anomalous flux ratios observed in gravitational lenses are created by gravitational perturbations from substructure rather than propagation effects in the interstellar medium or incomplete models for the gravitational potential of the lens galaxy. We review current estimates that the substructure represents between 0.6% and 7% (90% confidence) of the lens galaxy mass, and outline future observational programs which can improve the results.

to appear in, The Emergence of Cosmic Structure, the 13th Annual October Astrophysics Conference in Maryland, S. Holt & C. Reynolds, eds (AIP)

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• The dwarf low surface brightness population in different environments of the Local Universe