Improving the Dependency on Fine-Tuning Data in Transfer Learning for Speech Emotion Recognition

Abstract

Compensating for train-test mismatches in acoustic environments is important for deployable speech solutions. This paper proposes to reduce the amount of fine-tuning data needed in transfer learning to mitigate the train-test mismatch by using a compensation mechanism based on the feature maximum likelihood linear regression (fMLLR) algorithm. Our scheme incorporates an autoencoder to reduce the number of trainable parameters. Operating on the encoder latent space, our compensation strategy employs an affine linear transform that accounts for rotations and shifts in the feature space. We evaluate the proposed solution in a speech emotion recognition (SER) task within a realistic human-robot interaction scenario. The results show that the proposed architecture outperforms the original scheme without the compensation strategy. We observe a performance gain in the mean concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) of 16.8% using 12.9% of the training set, and 14.4% using 50% of the training set.

arXiv comment5 figures, 3 tables