Segregation of cylindrically confined cross-linked polymers

Abstract

Entropic repulsion between polymer chains under confinement in a narrow channel tends to induce segregation. Recent computer simulation studies have provided indirect evidence that internal cross linking of ring polymers, which creates internal loops, enhances the entropic force. Such topologically enhanced entropic forces are thought to contribute to the segregation of bacterial chromosomes during replication. In this study, we use Monte Carlo computer simulations of a coarse-grained hard-sphere chain model to measure the configurational free energy of two cross-linked ring polymers as a function of the separation distance between the polymer centers of mass. We examine the effects of varying the polymer architecture as well as the confinement dimensions on the free energy functions. In addition, we use the results to make a quantitative assessment of the accuracy of a simple theoretical model built on the de Gennes blob model that has been used in past studies to estimate the overlap free energy of confined polymers. Consistent with indirect evidence from previous simulations studies of segregation dynamics, we find that increasing the number of internal loops and selecting binding sites to enforce a side-loop configuration tends to increase the overlap free energy. Analysis of the whole-polymer and interior-loop extension and overlap lengths reveal a sequence of overlap domains that explain subtle variations in the free energy functions. For all architectures examined, the theoretical model provides a reasonably accurate prediction for how the cross linking and degree of confinement affects the free energy, with quantitative discrepancies comparable to those observed in previous studies using linear polymers and ring polymers without cross links.

17 pages, 10 figures