Signatures of symmetry-stabilized Dirac fermions in correlated oxide CaNbO3 thin films

Abstract

Symmetry-protected electronic states in correlated oxides offer a route to combining topology, lattice tunability, and many-body interactions, but creating such topological electronic states in complex oxides remains challenging. Here, we show that oxygen octahedral rotations provide a symmetry-control parameter for stabilizing Dirac-related electronic states in epitaxial CaNbO3 films. By comparing compressively strained tetragonal films and relaxed orthorhombic films, we demonstrate that distinct octahedral rotation patterns preserve nonsymmorphic symmetry and lead to distinct transport signatures consistent with Dirac-like electronic states. The films exhibit metallic transport with high mobility of 138,000 cm2 V-1 s-1, multichannel conduction, and Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations from small high-mobility Fermi pockets. Landau-fan diagram analysis indicates finite Berry-phase contributions, while first-principles calculations reveal a strain-driven evolution from nodal-line band crossings in the orthorhombic phase to Dirac-electron band features in the tetragonal phase. These results establish oxygen octahedral symmetry as a design knob for engineering topological electronic states in correlated perovskite oxides.

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